The Upper OSI Layers
Layer 7 – The Application Layer The application layer provides network services to the applications of the end user. It differs from the…
The Lower OSI Layers
Network Engineers are very concerned with the lower layers of the OSI Model. Layer 4 – The Transport Layer The main characteristics of…
The OSI Reference Model
The OSI model is a standard of the International Organization of Standardization (ISO). It is a general purpose framework that characterizes…